(1) composition of liquid cooling system
The Liquid cooling system is a hot research direction of thermal management of power lithium-ion battery packs. It can realize the best working temperature condition of the battery pack by using the performance of the large thermal capacity of the cooling liquid and the excess heat of the battery system can be taken away through circulation. The basic components of the liquid cooling system include the electric water pump, electric core radiator (indirect cooling), temperature sensor, air conditioning system (compressor, condenser, evaporator), heater, and liquid-liquid heat exchanger. Among them, the air conditioning system is responsible for the supply and cooling function under high-temperature conditions; Heater, under low-temperature conditions, is responsible for heating the coolant.
(2) heat transfer principle
The original design intention of the thermal management system is to transfer the excess heat of the powerful lithium-ion battery in the process of charging and discharging, keep the battery working in a suitable range, and the temperature difference of the cells at different positions cannot be too large. In this way, the aging speed of the lithium-ion battery pack can be slowed down, and the degree of differentiation between different cells can be slowed down. The reason why there are different cooling forms such as air cooling and liquid cooling is that the medium of heat transfer is different. In principle, we should start with the different ways of heat transfer. There are three important forms of heat transmission: heat radiation, heat conduction, and convection.
(3) thermal management method of the battery pack
The thermal management method of the lithium-ion battery pack involves three measures: cooling of the battery pack, low-temperature preheating of the battery pack, and thermal insulation of the battery pack.
(4) important factors affecting the cooling effect
The temperature of the coolant. In the cooling process, the lower the temperature of the coolant, the lower the maximum and minimum temperatures of the lithium-ion battery pack, but the difference between them is large. During the heating process, the higher the temperature of the coolant, the larger the temperature difference of the battery. In other words, the larger the temperature difference between the coolant and the battery, the larger the temperature difference between the cells at different positions inside the battery pack.
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