1. Selection of raw materials
The raw materials of PCB circuit board mainly include substrate (usually glass fiber cloth or epoxy resin, etc.), copper foil, FR-4 insulation layer, electrolyte layer, etc. When selecting raw materials, we need to consider its performance, price, reliability and other factors. For example, the substrate should have good mechanical strength and heat resistance; Copper foil should have excellent conductivity and weldability; FR-4 insulation layer should have good insulation performance and mechanical strength.
2. Design software use
The design of PCB circuit board mainly depends on professional design software, such as Altium Designer and Eagle PCB. These softwares can help designers to quickly complete the design of circuit boards and generate Gerber files, which can provide a basis for the subsequent board-making process. When choosing design software, we need to consider its function, ease of use, compatibility and other factors.
3. Circuit layout
When designing PCB, it is necessary to lay out the circuit according to the actual demand. The purpose of circuit layout is to allocate the positions of components reasonably, so as to reduce signal interference, improve heat dissipation performance and reduce costs. The main steps of circuit layout include: determining the position of components, calculating the distance between components, considering the connection mode of power supply and ground wire, etc.
Step 4 etch
Etching is an important link in the processing of PCB, which is mainly used to remove redundant copper foil and protective layer. The main etching methods are: photolithography, chemical etching and electro-etching. When choosing the etching method, we need to consider its cost, accuracy, speed and other factors.
5. Plate-making process
According to the designed Gerber file, different PCB manufacturing processes can be used to manufacture PCB circuit boards. Common board-making processes include: single-panel production, double-panel production, multi-layer board production and so on. When selecting the plate-making process, we need to consider its cost, production efficiency, reliability and other factors.
6. Quality inspection and repair
After the PCB circuit board is manufactured, a series of quality tests are needed to ensure that its performance meets the design requirements. Common quality inspection items include: warpage detection, thickness measurement, hole detection, etc. If quality problems are found, they can be repaired by welding, grinding and other methods.
